Certificate pinning-prevent man-in-middle attacks
Pin SSL certificates to prevent attackers from intercepting traffic with different certificates.
Certificate pinning restricts which certificates your app accepts. If an attacker intercepts traffic with a different (valid) certificate, your app rejects it.
Types of pinning
- Certificate pinning: Pin specific certificate
- Public key pinning: Pin public key (survives certificate renewal)
- CA pinning: Pin the Certificate Authority
Implement pinning
Web via HPKP header
Public-Key-Pins: pin-sha256="ABC...="; max-age=2592000
Mobile apps (iOS/Android)
Use built-in certificate pinning in SDK or libraries.
Risks and planning
- ⚠️ Pinned certs expire - have renewal plan
- ⚠️ Wrong pin = site broken for users
- ⚠️ Test thoroughly before deploying
Only use for high-security apps (banking, finance). Mistakes can permanently break access for users.
Related: SSL errors | HTTP headers
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